Detailed explanation of solar cell laminating machine equipment

    The laminating machine is an important equipment required for manufacturing solar cell modules, which has high requirements for

vacuum degree, flatness, and temperature uniformity. It is a key supporting equipment in the middle of the entire photovoltaic industry.

    The role of laminating machine in the production of solar cells

    The process flow of the solar panel assembly production line is as follows:

    The solar cell module laminating machine is a key equipment for achieving the transition from raw materials to solar panels. Its working

principle is to apply a certain pressure on the surface of each layer of material in the component, and tightly press these materials together

under heating. It usually consists of four major systems: heating system, vacuum system, pneumatic system, and control system.

    Before lamination, we can see the material composition of the solar panel from the lamination process (taking ordinary components as an

example):

    1. Glass

    2. EVA

    3. Connected individual batteries

    4. EVA

    5. Backboard

    The function of the laminating machine is to press these substances together and achieve the following goals after pressing:

    1. No bubbles after compression (<2 per square meter);

    2. The merging of substances should be integrated into one;

    3. There must be a certain degree of bonding strength between substances that cannot blend together. In order to achieve these three

objectives, the following conditions must be met:

    a, Pressure, b, temperature, c, vacuum degree, d, time.

    The above conditions are essential for the production of battery cells by a laminating machine.

    Structure of laminating machine

    1. Composition: 5 parts in total, including structural part, temperature control part, power system, vacuum system, and control part. Only

the structural part will be introduced here:

    The structure of the solar cell module laminating machine is divided into upper chamber vacuum, lower chamber vacuum, upper cover, lower

box, and frame. There are a total of 6 parts.

    2. Working process: The working process of each structural part during the production of solar panels:

    Open the lid - Vacuum the upper chamber - Place the components to be compressed - Close the lid - Evacuate the lower chamber - Inflate

(laminate) the upper chamber - Evacuate the lower chamber - Open the lid - Remove the battery panel.

    Important parameters of laminating machine

    1. Main material: aluminum alloy or stainless steel, it is not recommended to use ordinary steel.

    2. Vacuum pumping rate.

    3. Temperature control accuracy.

    4. Temperature uniformity.

    5. Stacking height.

    6. Opening method.

    7. Whole machine power.

    Thoughts on the development direction of laminating machines

    In response to the needs of component production units, the current development trend of laminating machine equipment manufacturers

mainly includes double-layer, multi-layer, double chamber double-layer laminating machines, and thermal storage laminating machines.

    Comparison between double-layer laminating machine and multi-layer laminating machine.

    At present, the more mature laminating machine in the market is the double-layer laminating machine. The double-layer laminating machine

and the multi-layer laminating machine have similar power consumption. Although the production capacity of multi-layer laminating machines

is much higher, the control system of multi-layer laminating machines is very complex, so the failure rate will correspondingly increase by dozens

of times. Therefore, the comprehensive evaluation result: multi-layer laminating machines are not as practical as double-layer machines, but the

development of multi-layer laminating machines is a trend in the future.

    Comparison between single chamber laminating machine and double chamber laminating machine.

    The double chamber laminating machine reduces the process of the single chamber laminating machine by half, and the two chambers are

connected in series, making the function relatively simple. At the same time, the failure rate is not higher than that of the single chamber.

Although equipment investment has increased slightly, production capacity has increased by 50%, so it is still worthwhile for customers to

choose a double chamber laminating machine.

    Comparison between oil heated laminating machine and electric heated laminating machine.

    The biggest feature of oil heating laminating machine compared to electric heating laminating machine is stable and uniform heating, while

electric heating laminating machine has the characteristics of fast temperature rise and fall response, environmental protection, and safety.

    Comparison between thermal storage laminating machine and conventional laminating machine.

    The electricity cost in the lamination process is the main cost, and reducing electricity consumption or saving electricity costs is the first

choice to reduce costs. The conventional laminating machine consumes electricity directly, which means that electricity is consumed as soon as

it heats up, and both heat and electricity consumption correspond in real-time.

    Regenerative laminating machine is a type of laminating machine that can control and manage heat and electricity consumption at different

times. It is a type of laminating machine that can actively manage the time of electricity consumption.